Passover and Unleavened Bread: redemption from death (new creation) and commitment to simplicity and trust in God’s power to provide food in the wildernessįirstfruits and Weeks: celebrating the gift of produce from the land These seven feasts all participate and develop aspects of the meaning of the original Sabbath. The Sabbath represented a burst of Eden rest into ordinary time. (Numbers 5-7 are commonly known as "The Days of Awe") Seven times seven and one days after Passover Held the day after the seventh day of Passover Restrictions: no work on the first and seventh days Here’s a simple way to lay out the sabbath and the appointed festivals. These are the Lord’s appointed festivals, the sacred assemblies you are to proclaim at their appointed times.’” You are not to do any work wherever you live, it is a sabbath to the Lord. There are six days when you may work, but the seventh day is a day of sabbath rest, a day of sacred assembly. The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘These are my appointed festivals, the appointed festivals of the Lord, which you are to proclaim as sacred assemblies. In part 4 (35:00-44:00), Tim goes back to Leviticus to trace out the appointed feasts. What’s unique about the Jewish idea in Deuteronomy, Tim notes, is that this release from debts is meant to be observed independently of any kingship or political system. You will rule over many nations but none will rule over you.Ĭancelling debts would sometimes happen in the ancient world when a new ruler came into power as an act of political and social favor. For the Lord your God will bless you as he has promised, and you will lend to many nations but will borrow from none. However, there need be no poor people among you, for in the land the Lord your God is giving you to possess as your inheritance, he will richly bless you, if only you fully obey the Lord your God and are careful to follow all these commands I am giving you today. You may require payment from a foreigner, but you must cancel any debt your fellow Israelite owes you. They shall not require payment from anyone among their own people, because the Lord’s time for canceling debts has been proclaimed. This is how it is to be done: Every creditor shall cancel any loan they have made to a fellow Israelite. In part 3 (25:00-35:00), Tim looks at a passage from Deuteronomy 15.Īt the end of every seven years you must cancel debts. All of creation is called to participate in seventh-day rest. It’s also rest for the servants, the land, and the animals. Tim observes that Sabbath rest isn’t just for the Jews. Six days do your work, but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove. Then the poor among your people may get food from it, and the wild animals may eat what is left. For six years you are to sow your fields and harvest the crops, but during the seventh year let the land lie unplowed and unused. In part 2 (16:10-25:00), Tim expands on the theme of Sabbath in Exodus.ĭo not oppress a foreigner you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners, because you were foreigners in Egypt. Unfortunately, God’s presence is so intense that no one can go in. God is now dwelling in the tabernacle, also known as the tent of meeting.
Tim moves into the next part of the story. For example, Moses goes up and down the mountain to commune with God seven times in the whole story of the TaNaK.
Interestingly, Tim notes that he isn’t pointing out all the layers of seven in the Bible, just highlighting some of the significant ones.
In part 1 (0-16:10), Tim and Jon recap the conversation so far, including the story of God giving Moses the Ten Commandments and instructions for the tabernacle. They are meant to act as a way to remember and teach. These feasts have symbolic meaning connecting back to the creation account in Genesis and the story of the Exodus. The seven festivals or feasts in the Jewish sacred calendar are integral to understanding the theme of the seventh-day rest in the Bible. The seventh age is entirely Sabbath and rest in the life everlasting.” – Rabbi Eliezer “The Holy One, blessed be He, created seven ages, and of them all He chose the seventh age only, the six ages are for the going in and coming out (of God’s creatures) for war and peace.
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